{"id":115317,"date":"2024-05-30T16:45:31","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T13:45:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/%e2%9a%96%ef%b8%8f-new-law-on-punishment-for-betrayal-of-trust-in-property-2024\/"},"modified":"2025-02-03T23:58:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T20:58:15","slug":"%e2%9a%96%ef%b8%8f-new-law-on-punishment-for-betrayal-of-trust-in-property-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/%e2%9a%96%ef%b8%8f-new-law-on-punishment-for-betrayal-of-trust-in-property-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2696\ufe0f New law on punishment for betrayal of trust in property 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"115317\" class=\"elementor elementor-115317 elementor-103057\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1befaaa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1befaaa\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b853904 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b853904\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Betrayal of trust and changes in the crime rate in the new law<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6930fde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6930fde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In this article, you will learn about the impacts of breach of trust crimes on your life. With the legal expertise and valuable experience of distinguished lawyers from 4kgroup \u2696\ufe0f and a specialized real estate lawyer in Tehran, we provide a comprehensive guide on the conditions, complaint procedures, and related penalties. Join us to get familiar with the latest legal changes in 1403 (2024) and methods of self-defense in legal disputes. We will also examine the penalties resulting from these crimes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20469aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20469aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Breach of Trust: An Analysis of the Crime under the New Law<\/p><p>Breach of trust is a crime defined by law, concerning property or financial documents. This crime occurs when an individual betrays the trust placed in them by misusing property or documents entrusted to their care.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7a8b73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7a8b73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Breach of trust is a crime that occurs based on the abuse of others&#8217; trust and is punishable in most countries. In this crime, the owner, without any fraudulent manipulation, entrusts their property to another individual. According to Article 674 \u2696\ufe0f of the Penal Code, passed in 1996, breach of trust includes the misuse, possession, destruction, or loss of property that has been entrusted to another person by the owner or lawful possessor, with malicious intent. In this crime, it is not necessary for the offender to gain from their betrayal; it is sufficient that the owner of the <a href=\"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/istanbul-real-estate\/\">property<\/a> suffers harm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa02d19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aa02d19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Betrayal of trust: An analysis of crime changes<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d76e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"63d76e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1581\" src=\"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-105502\" alt=\"\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-600x371.jpg 600w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-1200x741.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-1536x948.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644-2048x1265.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-466f941 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"466f941\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Instances of Breach of Trust<\/p><p>Instances of breach of trust include:<\/p><ul><li>Misappropriating entrusted property<\/li><li>Using the entrusted property<\/li><li>Concealing the entrusted property or removing it from the owner\u2019s reach<\/li><li>Destroying the entrusted property<\/li><\/ul><p>This crime can involve real estate, business activities, inheritance, government documents, or any kind of seal and signature.<\/p><p>The crime of breach of trust, like many other financial crimes, has a long history and has been common in human societies for centuries. In several verses of the Holy Quran, people are advised to uphold trust and integrity in their social interactions with one another.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ca1a4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9ca1a4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Punishment for betrayal of trust 1403<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b735b2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b735b2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The punishment for breach of trust, according to the Islamic Penal Code of 2013, ranges from 6 months to 3 years of imprisonment. However, under Article 104 of the amended Law on Reducing Sentences, passed in 2020, this crime has been classified as a &#8220;forgivable&#8221; offense, meaning that the complainant can withdraw their complaint, and the offender will not be sentenced to imprisonment. Additionally, the duration of the penalty in the new law has been reduced to 3 months to 1.5 years. Breach of trust refers to the violation of trust and the breaking of an agreement, involving the misuse or destruction of entrusted property.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-558d6dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"558d6dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In the case of real property, if a tenant refuses to vacate the property after the lease contract ends without a valid reason, and the rental relationship has expired, they may be convicted of breach of trust. However, if the court grants the tenant an extension due to hardship or if specific laws regarding landlord-tenant relationships outline a particular legal process for property eviction, failure to vacate the property cannot automatically be considered breach of trust. Generally, the tenant&#8217;s intent and the conditions governing the rental relationship are crucial in determining their criminal responsibility.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3e1c47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3e1c47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">New changes in punishment for betrayal of trust 1403<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7be570 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7be570\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Reduction of Imprisonment and Increased Fines!<\/p><p>Breach of trust is a non-forgivable crime that has undergone significant changes with the new penal law. Under the previous law, the punishment for this crime, according to Article 647 \u2696\ufe0f of the Islamic Penal Code, ranged from 6 months to 3 years of imprisonment. However, with the approval of the Law on Reducing or Mitigating Punishments, the duration of imprisonment has been reduced, and it has been classified as a forgivable offense. As a result, the crime has become subject to the complainant&#8217;s discretion, and fines may be imposed instead of long prison sentences.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3923f41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3923f41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">According to the added note to Article 18, if the court considers a punishment higher than the minimum prescribed, it must clearly state the reasons for this decision. Additionally, based on the added note to Article 37 \u2696\ufe0f of the Islamic Penal Code, if the punishment for the crime of breach of trust is less than 91 days, the judge must consider an alternative to imprisonment or convert it into a monetary fine.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4ed04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f4ed04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-1200x741.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-105496\" alt=\"\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a Betrayal of trust\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-1200x741.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-600x371.jpg 600w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-1536x948.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0644-\u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062a-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a-2048x1265.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2874e45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2874e45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In the new law \u2696\ufe0f, the punishment for breach of trust has been modified to range from 3 months to 1.5 years. Additionally, the presence of a complainant&#8217;s complaint is crucial for the prosecution of the accused. The punishment for breach of trust consists of five degrees, with reductions based on factors such as the complainant&#8217;s forgiveness, the offender&#8217;s cooperation with authorities, their remorse, and their previous good conduct. According to Article 38 of the Islamic Penal Code and Clause B of Article 37, in the presence of the aforementioned conditions, the punishment may be reduced by one or two degrees, and imprisonment can be converted to a monetary fine ranging from eighty million to one hundred and eighty million rials.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9312d61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9312d61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">4kgroup Holding, with its skilled and capable legal expert, and having two of the best certified lawyers in Tehran, specializes in accepting breach of trust cases and more. Using appropriate and optimal legal strategies, our elite and renowned lawyers in Tehran assist in facilitating and handling matters related to property use change, ensuring that you receive the best possible protection for your rights and avoid potential financial damages.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1225d5d elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1225d5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send\/?phone=905367346404&#038;text&#038;type=phone_number&#038;app_absent=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-balance-scale\" viewBox=\"0 0 640 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 336h-.02c0-16.18 1.34-8.73-85.05-181.51-17.65-35.29-68.19-35.36-85.87 0C-2.06 328.75.02 320.33.02 336H0c0 44.18 57.31 80 128 80s128-35.82 128-80zM128 176l72 144H56l72-144zm511.98 160c0-16.18 1.34-8.73-85.05-181.51-17.65-35.29-68.19-35.36-85.87 0-87.12 174.26-85.04 165.84-85.04 181.51H384c0 44.18 57.31 80 128 80s128-35.82 128-80h-.02zM440 320l72-144 72 144H440zm88 128H352V153.25c23.51-10.29 41.16-31.48 46.39-57.25H528c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16V48c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H383.64C369.04 12.68 346.09 0 320 0s-49.04 12.68-63.64 32H112c-8.84 0-16 7.16-16 16v32c0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h129.61c5.23 25.76 22.87 46.96 46.39 57.25V448H112c-8.84 0-16 7.16-16 16v32c0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h416c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-32c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact a legal expertContact a legal expert<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, you will learn about the impacts of breach of trust crimes on your life. With the expertise of distinguished lawyers from 4kgroup \u2696\ufe0f, we provide a comprehensive guide on the conditions, complaint procedures, and related penalties.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":112949,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[180],"tags":[231,232],"class_list":["post-115317","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legal-lawyer","tag-legal-lawyer-litigation-lawyer","tag-turkish-lawyer-legal-rules"],"modified_by":null,"yasr_visitor_votes":{"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false},"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115317","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=115317"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116978,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/115317\/revisions\/116978"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=115317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=115317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4kgroup.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=115317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}